A residential roof is comprised of several key components.

A roof consists of several parts that work together to provide protection, insulation, and aesthetic appeal to a building. Here's a brief summary of the key components:

1. Shingles or Tiles: These are the outermost layer of the roof, providing protection from weather and external elements. They can be made from various materials, including asphalt, wood, metal, clay, or slate.
2. Underlayment: A protective, waterproof layer installed directly on the roof deck. It serves as a secondary barrier against water and moisture.
3. Flashing: Thin pieces of waterproof material installed around roof features such as chimneys, vents, and valleys to prevent water from seeping into the roof.
4. Gutters: Channels installed around the edge of the roof to collect and divert rainwater away from the building's foundation.
5. Downspouts: Vertical pipes connected to gutters that carry water from the roof to the ground or drainage system.
6. Roof Deck: The structural base of the roof, usually made of plywood or OSB (Oriented Strand Board), where all roofing components are attached.
7. Ridge Vent: A ventilation strip located at the peak of the roof that allows warm, humid air to escape from the attic.
8. Soffit: The underside of the roof overhang, which includes vents to draw air into the attic for proper ventilation.
9. Fascia: A vertical finishing edge connected to the ends of the rafters, trusses, or the area where the gutter is attached to the roof. It is often where gutters are installed.
10. Eaves: The edges of the roof that overhang the building's walls, providing shade and directing water away from the walls.
11. Trusses and Rafters: The structural framework that supports the roof deck, shingles, or tiles. They shape the roof and provide support.

Each of these components plays a critical role in the roof's overall functionality and durability, ensuring the building remains safe and dry.